The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) oversees Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits as well as Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits. SSA is the same agency that oversees Social Security Retirement benefits; however, funding does not come from the same source.
While most funding for SSA comes from payroll deductions from employee’s earnings and quarterly payments from self-employed individuals, money for retirement and disability funds go into separate pots. Congress can also approve this money to be supplemental by additional federal funding.
Historically, when one of the two SSA funds was running low or a predicted shortfall was nearing, Congress would reallocate funds from one fund to the other to keep both programs running at or near full strength. While some see this as merely kicking the ball down the road for future generations to deal with, it has become a necessity to avoid making tens of millions of disabled and elderly Americans suffer the consequences of a budgetary shortfall.
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